When you’re elected to any political office, you’re accepting the challenge of representing all of your constituents. There is no single town in America that is completely homogeneous in any area, particularly both political ideology and economy.
Most individuals have some kind of political affiliation that can range from Anarchist to Totalitarian or anywhere in between and possibly even outside the current understanding of the political spectrum. When a representative is elected, however, they undertake the task of comprehending both the needs and wants for all of their constituents, regardless of political affiliation or economic status.
Thinking about these things while watching the just-put-to-rest SOPA / PIPA debates and the flare up over ACTA, I started reading some of the introductory material to one of my Political Science classes (4040). I ran across this in the “Middle East” publication via Congressional Quarterly.
“No member can be an expert in all the areas on which representatives vote, so most rely on their leadership, colleagues on specialized committees, and committee staffs and specialized agencies to provide guidance.”
I found it eerily appropriate considering the always debated and touchy subject of lobbyists, current arguments about the sums of money in politics, and especially the lack of understanding why it seems we elect “politicians” rather than scientists or engineers.
That is straight from the horses mouth, folks — an elected official is not going to be an expert in every single issue area in which he or she is elected to represent. Period. That would be impractical, improbable, and plain old weird to boot. Here’s where lobbyists enter the picture. Don’t get the pitchforks and torches just yet though, because it’s not as terrible as you imagine.
Lobbyists? In MY America?
Lobbyists are a part of the political culture in America and have been since…well, technically, December of 1791 when the Bill of Rights was ratified. Remember that whole first amendment part where people get free speech, protection for religious freedom, and even the currently contested ability for peaceable assembly? Yes, that same amendment also included the ability for citizens to petition the Government for “redress of grievances”, which laid the groundwork for what we consider lobbying today. Obviously, the ability for huge multinational corporations to pay absolutely ridiculous amounts of money to ensure that laws are passed in their favor was not included in the original text, but nonetheless that is where our interpretation of the amendment has gotten us today.
Perhaps that’s what people find so wrong with it? “It wasn’t the original intent! The Founding Father’s would have never wanted it this way!” You have no idea what the original authors of the Constitution would have said about today’s society — I’m sure many of them would be appalled at some things and delighted at others. No matter what you believe, though, I don’t think you should be commenting on behalf of someone who lived more than two centuries before you did.
Problems and Solutions
So we’ve got two problems that seem to be at ends with each other — on one hand we’ve got these democratically elected politicians in the various State and National legislatures who have varying and diverse constituencies that have incredibly complex and multi-faceted needs. Many of whom just so happen to have a need for expensive political campaigns. On the other hand we have very large businesses, corporations, and industries who are constituents and want certain laws passed.. These players just so happen to have very deep pockets. WE MUST BE DOOMED!
…well, maybe that’s taking it a step too far. Yes, we’ve all heard about the financial market lobbyists or the billion-dollar companies who spent more money on lobbying than they paid in taxes. Those are some pretty extreme cases that definitely deserve all of the attention and scrutiny that they are receiving, because it’s just weird and we deserve to know what sort of transactions are truly going on. However, did you know that Google spent over $9.5 million on lobbying in 2011? What about everyone’s favorite Vivendi, who owns Activision Blizzard, who spent more than $3.5 million in the same year? Dang, even my own University system, LSU, spent more than $400,000 in 2011 on lobbyists in 2011 (We weren’t the highest, but that’s still a lot of money!) I’m not even sure what the hell they would want changed in Washington, but considering the recent budget cuts nearing $30 million; perhaps they’re lobbying for more money. Whatever.
My point is that everyone lobbies. Farmers and agriculture industries have lobbyists in an attempt to make sure laws are passed in their favor. Software, hardware and technology developers / industries have lobbyists to make sure that laws are passed that benefit their industry — or perhaps ones that are harmful aren’t. The healthcare industry has lobbyists on behalf of doctors, hospitals, unions, and pharmaceutical companies.
Congressmen are elected to make choices, and when they’re trying to make informed decisions, they don’t have time to sit down and read the hundreds of often conflicting economic, social, and political impact studies. No one person does, and it’s unreasonable to expect them to. That is why lobbyists and advocacy groups exists — they (hopefully) take the aggregate of as many of these studies, opinions, and data as possible and present a summarized report. They are the experts in their field, no? They have a direct in with the politicians because they’re trusted, “reputable”, and at least somewhat under public scrutiny.
Finale
So why don’t we just elect the experts, then? We’ve got thousands of unemployed nuclear physicists, mechanical engineers, and biotech scientists who are just clamoring for jobs in this economy, right? Put them to work in Washington!
Except, it’s not that simple. Have you ever tried to work on a project, even in school, in a group of more than two or three close friends? What about with people you’ve never worked with in your life? Ones that don’t come from the same city, state, or even culture that you’ve been accustomed to? Do you like every single person you’ve collaborated with? Probably not. But you’re a private citizen and aren’t beholden to anyone else but yourself and your grade in those situations — you have to make tough decisions and can pout and moan about your terrible group members all you want.
Politicians can’t-don’t-shouldn’t-aren’t able to do it as freely as you are. They’ve got to keep their “coworkers” happy because you need support from everyone around you to get legislation passed that you want passed. If you are an aspiring engineer or scientist at this very moment, or perhaps have already graduated and are well on your way to securing status as said scientists (or know one), would you feel comfortable having that very scientist decide on the Social Security budget for next year? How about the environmental impact study that says switching to 30% organic farms will lose 50% of the agricultural revenue for the next 10 years, what are your opinions on that? Do your constituents have an opinion? Don’t forget, you’re in a state bordering Mexico, so you’ve got to take into account the immigration issues as well as the various tax challenges that arise with all of those — don’t want to make budget cuts in a recession! (Or maybe you do, Mr. Hayek.)
It’s a tough job. I don’t believe that many of the comments from Average Jane & Joe America understand the vast complexity that comes with being a politician. They are elected representatives. There is a very specific reason that we do not have direct democracy in this country — mostly because I would have no idea which way to vote on the next financial market derivatives fancy-algorithm-and-equation law that’s coming up in the SEC, and neither would you. There are a small minority of folks who do understand those numbers and the data, and they’re hopefully writing and talking about it at this very moment. Hopefully they’re either in Washington as a politician, staffer, advisor, or an employee of a lobbyist who’s trying to get some law passed.
Yes, I know that I’m making a normative case here that “hopes for the best” in a time when we’ve basically only seen the worst. I’m sure Google has lobbied for terrible things that will never see the light of day, but I’m sure at one point General Electric or Pfizer lobbied for something that has brought happiness and utility to your life.
I’m not so sure I like this whole politics-being-really-complex thing anymore. Can I hire someone to do the thinking for me?